All treatments

Hybrid Convergent AF Therapy

When AF Becomes Difficult to Treat

Many patients with persistent AF are successfully treated with Catheter Ablation. However, in a small number of cases the condition can be more resistant to treatment. 

This may occur when:

  • AF has been persistent for a long time, especially if it has not returned to a normal rhythm for more than a couple of years
  • AF comes back repeatedly despite previous attempts to restore a normal rhythm
  • There are other important medical conditions (co-morbidities) affecting the heart or overall health
  • The left atrium becomes significantly (severely) enlarged (see below)

It is common for the left atrium (one of the heart’s upper chambers) to become enlarged in patients with AF. When the enlargement is mild or moderate, AF can often still be treated successfully with Catheter Ablation. However, when the left atrium becomes severely enlarged, the condition may be more resistant to this treatment.

In these cases, combining standard catheter ablation with Convergent hybrid ablation may improve treatment success.


A male physician wearing blue scrubs and a grey blazer sits at a consultation desk, smiling warmly at a patient seated across from him. A clinical room with medical supplies is visible in the background

Wat is Hybrid (Convergent) Ablation?

For some patients with difficult-to-treat AF, a specialised approach called hybrid ablation may be helpful. One minimally invasive method is the Convergent Procedure.

This approach combines two complementary techniques to treat AF more effectively.

Dr. Kaba is a well-recognised international authority in hybrid Convergent therapy for persistent AF

Why a Hybrid Approach Is Used

In resistant cases of AF, one challenge is ensuring that the ablation treatment reaches the full thickness of the heart muscle.

During ablation, we deliver electrical or thermal energy in a controlled manner to the heart tissue to block the abnormal electrical signals causing AF. In some cases, standard techniques performed from inside the heart may not fully treat the entire thickness of the heart wall, particularly in the thicker areas. When this occurs, small untreated areas of heart tissue can continue to cause abnormal signals, leading to AF returning.

Hybrid ablation aims to solve this by treating the heart tissue from both sides:

  • Inside the heart
  • Outside the heart

This improves the chance of creating effective and durable treatment across the heart muscle.

How the Procedure Is Performed

Hybrid ablation is carried out in two stages, usually separated by a few weeks or months.

Stage 1: Ablation from Inside the Heart

The first stage is performed using standard catheter ablation techniques.

  • Thin flexible tubes called catheters are inserted through blood vessels and guided into the heart.
  • We deliver controlled energy to specific areas to block abnormal electrical signals.

Stage 2: Ablation from Outside the Heart

The second stage uses the Convergent technique.

  • A small incision (about 2 cm) is made just below the breastbone, at the top of the abdomen.
  • Through this small opening, we can easily reach the outside surface of the heart.
  • Specialised equipment is used to deliver ablation to areas that complement the catheter ablation.

This is a minimally invasive procedure and typically:

  • Takes about 45 minutes
  • Does not require large surgical incisions
  • Often allows discharge on the same day

*In some cases, the order of the stages may be reversed, depending on the patient’s individual situation.

A diverse team of eight healthcare professionals pose together in a hospital corridor near a Cardiac Ward nurses' station. Staff wear a variety of scrubs and clinical uniforms.

Expertise in This Procedure

Our team has extensive experience in performing hybrid ablation and the Convergent technique. We have:

  • Contributed to international research and publications on this procedure
  • Written academic articles and a book on this topic
  • trained and mentored doctors and specialists worldwide
  • Been invited to international medical congresses to present our work and share our vast experience

This experience helps ensure that patients receive care based on advanced techniques and many years of clinical expertise.

Is This Procedure Suitable for Everyone?

Hybrid ablation is not suitable for all patients with AF. It is usually considered for patients whose AF is particularly difficult to treat using standard methods.

Dr. Kaba will consider several factors, including:

  • How long you have had persistent AF
  • The size and condition of your heart
  • Previous treatments you may have had
  • Your overall health

Discussing Your Options

If you meet the appropriate criteria, Dr. Kaba would be very happy to meet with you and discuss whether hybrid ablation may be a suitable option.

During the consultation, you will have the opportunity to:

  • Ask questions about the procedure
  • Understand the potential benefits and risks
  • Discuss alternative treatment options
  • Decide on the most appropriate treatment plan for you

Our London and Surrey clinics

What private care means for you

Private care gives you timely access to specialist cardiac expertise, clear communication at each step, and a personalised treatment pathway built around your clinical needs. You receive continuity of consultant-led care from initial assessment through to follow-up.